IP Subnet Calculator

This calculator returns a variety of information regarding Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and IPv6 subnets including possible network addresses, usable host ranges, subnet mask, and IP class, among others.

IP Address:

Subnet Mask:

CIDR Notation:

IP Class:

Subnet Information

IP Address	-
Network Address	-
Usable Host IP Range	-
Broadcast Address	-
Total Number of Hosts	-
Number of Usable Hosts	-
Subnet Mask	-
Wildcard Mask	-
Binary Subnet Mask	-
IP Class	-
CIDR Notation	-
IP Type	-
Short	-
Binary ID	-
Integer ID	-
Hex ID	-
In-addr.arpa	-

Subnetting Formulas

Calculation	Formula
Number of subnets	2ⁿ (where n is the number of bits borrowed)
Number of hosts per subnet	2ⁿ - 2 (where n is the number of bits left)
Subnet mask	32-bit binary number with network bits as 1s and host bits as 0s
Wildcard mask	Inverse of subnet mask (0s become 1s, 1s become 0s)
Network address	IP address AND subnet mask
Broadcast address	Network address OR wildcard mask

About IP Subnet Calculator

Our IP Subnet Calculator is a powerful tool designed to help network administrators, IT professionals, and students calculate various parameters of IP subnets. It provides detailed information about network addresses, usable host ranges, subnet masks, and more for both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.

How to Use the Calculator

Enter an IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.1) in the IP Address field.
Provide either a subnet mask (e.g., 255.255.255.0) or CIDR notation (e.g., /24).
Alternatively, you can select an IP class or CIDR notation from the dropdown menus.
Click the "Calculate" button to compute all subnet parameters.
The results will be displayed in the results table and visualized in the network diagram.
Use the "Clear" button to reset all fields and start a new calculation.

Understanding IP Subnetting

Subnetting is the practice of dividing a network into smaller network sections called subnets. This is done for various reasons including:

Improving network performance and reducing congestion
Enhancing security by isolating network segments
Simplifying network management
Conserving IP addresses

The key components of subnetting include:

IP Address: A unique identifier for a device on a network (e.g., 192.168.1.1)
Subnet Mask: Defines which portion of the IP address is the network and which is the host (e.g., 255.255.255.0)
CIDR Notation: A compact representation of the subnet mask (e.g., /24 for 255.255.255.0)
Network Address: The first address in a subnet that identifies the subnet itself
Broadcast Address: The last address in a subnet used to send data to all hosts in the subnet
Usable Host Range: The range of IP addresses that can be assigned to devices in the subnet

IP Address Classes

IPv4 addresses are divided into five classes (A, B, C, D, and E) based on the first few bits of the address:

Class	Range	Default Subnet Mask	Purpose
Class A	1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254	255.0.0.0 (/8)	Large networks
Class B	128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254	255.255.0.0 (/16)	Medium networks
Class C	192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254	255.255.255.0 (/24)	Small networks
Class D	224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255	N/A	Multicasting
Class E	240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254	N/A	Experimental

Private vs. Public IP Addresses

Certain IP address ranges are reserved for private networks and are not routable on the public internet:

Class	Private IP Range	Subnet Mask
Class A	10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255	255.0.0.0
Class B	172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255	255.240.0.0
Class C	192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255	255.255.0.0

Practical Applications

Subnetting is used in various networking scenarios:

Designing corporate networks with multiple departments
Creating VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks)
Implementing network security policies
Optimizing network traffic flow
Conserving public IP addresses through NAT (Network Address Translation)
Troubleshooting network connectivity issues